Injectable vaginal bio-adhesive gel activated by hard nano ceramic particles: in vitro and in vivo properties

Zeynep D. Sahin-Inan ¹, Kerim E. Öksüz ², Begüm Kurt ³, Ceylan Hepokur ⁴, Yener Ünal ⁵

¹ Department of Histology Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye; ² Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sivas Cumhuriyet University; Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Science and Technology, Sivas Cumhuriyet University; Sivas, Türkiye; ³ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye; ⁴ Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye; ⁵ Department of Statistics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye