The relationship between heart failure and smoking, and development of urethral stricture

The relationship between heart failure and smoking, and development of urethral stricture

Kutay Topal 1, Arif Demirbas 2, Aydin Balci 3, Osman Gercek 4, Kemal Ulusoy 4, Mustafa Karalar 4, Ibrahim Keles 4

1 Department of Urology, Afyonkarahisar State Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey; 2 Department of Urology, Bursa Doruk Hospital, Bursa, Turkey; 3 Department of chest diseases, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences, University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey; 4 Department of Urology, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

Kutay Topal, Arif Demirbas, Aydin Balci, Osman Gercek, Kemal Ulusoy, Mustafa Karalar, Ibrahim Keles

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*Correspondence: Arif Demirbas, Email not available

Abstract

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Keywords:  Urethral stricture. Transurethral prostate resection. Smoking. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Heart failure.

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